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The function of melatonin (MT)

May 12, 2022

The well-known functions of melatonin(Melatonine ; MT for short) are mainly to improve sleep quality (dosage 0.1~0.3mg), shorten the time to wake up before going to bed and fall asleep, improve sleep quality, significantly reduce the number of awakenings during sleep, and shorten the light sleep stage. , the deep sleep phase was prolonged, and the wake-up threshold decreased the next morning. There is a strong function of adjusting the time difference.
The biggest feature of melatonin should be that it is the strongest endogenous free radical scavenger ever discovered. The basic function of melatonin is to participate in the antioxidant system to prevent oxidative damage to cells. In this respect, its efficacy exceeds that of all known substances in the body. The latest research proves that MT is the commander-in-chief of endocrine, which controls the activities of various endocrine glands in the body. Thereby indirectly controlling the functions of our whole body. Its functions are:
1. Prevent disease
Since MT easily enters cells, it can serve the task of protecting the nuclear DNA. Damage to DNA can lead to cancer. If you have enough MT in your blood, you are less prone to cancer.
2. Adjust the circadian rhythm
The secretion of melatonin has a circadian rhythm. After night falls, the light stimulation weakens, the enzyme activity of the pineal gland to synthesize melatonin increases, and the secretion level of melatonin in the body also increases accordingly, reaching a peak at 2-3 am in the morning. The level of melatonin at night directly affects the quality of sleep. With age, the pineal gland shrinks until it becomes calcified, causing the rhythm of the biological clock to weaken or disappear, resulting in sleep disturbance and a series of dysfunctions. The decrease in melatonin levels and sleep reduction are one of the important signs of human brain aging. Therefore, supplementing melatonin from outside the body can maintain the melatonin level in the body in a young state, improve the functional state of the entire body, improve the quality of life, and delay the aging process.
3. Regulation on the central nervous system
A large number of clinical and experimental studies have shown that melatonin, as an endogenous neuroendocrine hormone, has direct and indirect physiological regulating effects on the central nervous system, has therapeutic effects on sleep disorders, depression and mental diseases, and has protective effects on nerve cells. effect. For example, melatonin has a sedative effect, it can also treat depression and psychosis, it can protect nerves, it can relieve pain, and it can regulate hormones released by the hypothalamus.
4. Regulation of the immune system
The neuroendocrine and immune systems are interconnected, and the immune system and its products can alter neuroendocrine function. Neuroendocrine signaling also affects immune function. In the past ten years, the regulatory effect of melatonin on the immune system has attracted widespread attention. Research at home and abroad has shown that it not only affects the growth and development of immune organs, but also regulates humoral and cellular immunity, as well as cytokines.
5. Regulating effect on cardiovascular system
The relationship between MT and the circulatory system can be confirmed by the following experimental results. The increase of MT secretion at night is negatively correlated with the decrease of cardiovascular activity; pineal melatonin can prevent arrhythmia caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury, and affect blood pressure control and regulation. Cerebral blood flow, regulating peripheral arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine. Therefore, MT has a regulatory effect on the cardiovascular system.

In addition, melatonin also has a regulating effect with the human respiratory system, digestive system, and urinary system.

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